Nest boxes

A useful nest box has to suit the bird, the position and your ability to leave it undisturbed through the breeding season. Entrance style, internal space, ventilation, drainage and protection from harsh weather all matter more than decoration.

Begin with the species already present and the safe positions your garden or building can offer. Blue tits use a small round entrance, robins need an open front hidden in cover, house sparrows can use neighbouring chambers, and swifts need a specialised high wall box with open air below.

The guides below bring those decisions together. They also explain when installation, repair and cleaning are appropriate. Active nests, eggs and wild birds are protected, so never move, open or alter a box simply to get a closer view.